Designing Group Examinations to Decrease Social Loafing and Increase Learning
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Social Loafing and Group Evaluation
Recent work (e.g., Harkins, 1987; Szymanski & Harkins, 1987) has suggested that social loafing occurs because participants' outputs cannot be evaluated by the experimenter, by the coactors, or by the participants themselves. This analysis has focused on the output of the individual, but in loafing research, participants work together to produce a group product. However, in this prior work parti...
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The.Effects.of.Synergy,. Social Loafing, and Time on Group Idea Generation
Previous research has shown that some groups using electronic brainstorming generate more unique ideas than groups using nominal group brainstorming, while others do not. This study examined two factors through which group size may affect brainstorming performance: synergy and social loafing. Groups brainstormed using three techniques to manipulate synergy and two group sizes to manipulate soci...
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The present research examined social loafing in groups across different stages of group development. Individuals working in newly formed groups worked harder in the group setting than alone, although this difference was non-significant. However, individuals working in groups that were at the midpoint or end of their existence performed better when working by themselves. This latter finding is c...
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Expectancy value theory holds that goal-directed behavior is a function of (a) expectations—the belief that performance depends on effort, (b) instrumentality—the belief that outcome depends on performance, and (c) outcome value—the value attached to achieving the outcome. The present research provides a direct test of two factors involved in the instrumentality component: the contingency betwe...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: International Journal for the Scholarship of Teaching and Learning
سال: 2008
ISSN: 1931-4744
DOI: 10.20429/ijsotl.2008.020117